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Valves aid to control the flow of a fluids like for instance fluidized gases or regular gases, liquids, slurries by partially obstructing, opening or even by closing particular passageways. Typical valves are pipe fittings but are discussed as a separate category. In cases where an open valve is concerned, fluid flows in a direction from higher to lower pressure.
Many applications like for instance commercial, military, industrial, residential and transport industries make use of valves. A few of the major industries that depend on valves include the water reticulation, sewerage, oil and gas sector, mining, chemical manufacturing and power generation.
Most valves being utilized in everyday activities are plumbing valves, that are utilized in taps for tap water. Several popular valves comprise kinds fitted to washing machines and dishwashers, gas control valves on cookers, valves inside car engines and safety devices fitted to hot water systems. In nature, veins in the human body act as valves and control the blood circulation. Heart valves even regulate the flow of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintain the proper pumping action.
Valves could be utilized and operated in numerous ways that they can be operated by a lever, a handle or a pedal. Furthermore, valves can be driven automatically or by changes in pressure, flow or temperature. These changes can act upon a piston or a diaphragm which in turn activates the valve. Some common examples of this type of valve are seen on safety valves or boilers fitted to hot water systems.
There are more complex control systems using valves which need automatic control that is based on external input. Like for example, regulating flow through a pipe to a changing set point. These situations generally need an actuator. An actuator would stroke the valve depending on its input and set-up, allowing the valve to be situated precisely while allowing control over a variety of requirements.
