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The control valve is a device which directs the fluid to the actuator. This device would consist of steel or cast iron spool that is situated in a housing. The spool slides to different locations in the housing. Intersecting channels and grooves route the fluid based on the spool's location.
The spool has a central or neutral position which is maintained by springs. In this location, the supply fluid is returned to the tank or blocked. If the spool is slid to one side, the hydraulic fluid is directed to an actuator and provides a return path from the actuator to tank. When the spool is moved to the opposite direction, the return and supply paths are switched. As soon as the spool is enabled to return to the center or neutral position, the actuator fluid paths become blocked, locking it into position.
The directional control is typically designed to be stackable. They normally have one valve for every hydraulic cylinder and one fluid input which supplies all the valves within the stack.
So as to avoid leaking and tackle the high pressure, tolerances are maintained really tight. Typically, the spools have a clearance with the housing of less than a thousandth of an inch or 25 µm. So as to prevent distorting the valve block and jamming the valve's extremely sensitive parts, the valve block would be mounted to the machine' frame with a 3-point pattern.
The position of the spool can be actuated by mechanical levers, hydraulic pilot pressure, or solenoids which push the spool right or left. A seal allows a portion of the spool to protrude outside the housing where it is easy to get to to the actuator.
The main valve block is usually a stack of off the shelf directional control valves chosen by capacity and flow performance. Several valves are designed to be on-off, whereas some are designed to be proportional, as in valve position to flow rate proportional. The control valve is among the most expensive and sensitive parts of a hydraulic circuit.
In the material handling trade counterbalance lift trucks are really popular pieces of machinery. They can be commonly found in warehouses and factories around the globe. The leading lift truck manufacturers like for instance Mitsubishi, Linde and Toyota all build counterbalance lift trucks. They are offered in different fuel alternatives like gas, diesel or electric. Typically, a counterbalanced forklift truck includes the following components:
The section for the operator known as the "cab" and houses all of the a dashboard which contains certain readouts, levers, pedals, steering wheel plus a variety of switches. The frame of the forklift is the base intended for the various components of the equipment comprising the power supply, the wheels, the axles, mast and the counterweight. The frame might likewise have fuel tanks and hydraulic fuel tanks constructed as part of its assembly. The Mast is the vertical assembly that does the majority of the work lowering and raising the forklift's load.
Constructed of heavy iron the counterweight is attached to the back of the forklift frame. The objective of the counterweight is to counterbalance all the weight being carried and transported. With an electric lift truck, the huge lead-acid battery itself could work as part of or all of the counterbalance. The Power Supply may have an internal combustion engine that can be powered by diesel, gasoline, LP gas or CNG gas. Electric lift trucks are driven by either fuel cells that provide power to electric motors or a battery. The electric motors may be either AC or DC kinds.
Attachments for the forks vary in the type of application they allow the lift truck to carry out. Attachments include: roll clamps, container handlers, carpet poles, pole handlers, side shifters, multipurpose clams, carton clamps, slip-sheet attachments and fork positioners. A lot of manufacturing companies would specifically customize an attachment in order to meet a client requirement.
The counterbalanced forklift is the best electric forklift to make use of for parking pallets closely all together. Counterbalanced lift trucks provide several benefits over fork-over designs and straddle-leg styles. They do have a few drawbacks though. A counterbalanced lift truck could carry pallets directly off the floor as there are no stabilization legs to get in the way. The main disadvantage of this model of forklift is that the lift height and the weight capacity will normally be less than the various styles.