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Some commercial and industrial buildings are capable of reaching heights of more than 60 stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being built, they need equally tall cranes to transport the supplies to the upper floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle attached or other types that are operated from the back of trucks. Tower cranes are the biggest ones on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures which are normally found on high-rise building projects. Usually, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. Wherever new construction like for instance apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like for example shopping center are being built, chances are a crane would be on site.
Types
The two key types of cranes can be distinguished by the manner in which their boom or jib lifts materials. The jib is the metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries items. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both types can vary from thirty thousand pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of separate [parts. The parts are added to be able increase the overall height of the equipment. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to be able to raise supplies. This cord extends out from a motor situated next to the control module to the end of the boom or jib. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy materials are carried.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a particular kind of mobile crane. These cranes use hydraulics and can lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the boom's pistons so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are important in building major projects such as airports, bridges, roadways and buildings. A crane could complete in minutes jobs that would normally take many hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
These impressive machines have played a very important part in constructing houses, cities, individual buildings and entire nations throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids within Egypt were likely built utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest materials in one of the most amazing construction projects of all time.
The very first representation of a crane was showcased during the reign of King Ramses within Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was used to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were used to create an entire country during the 5th century B.C.
Originally, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they required something stronger and larger did these machines evolve. Hick & Rothwell designed the very first cast iron cranes during the year 1834, in Bolton, England. This equipment could lift as much as 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany started to build cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was made within Neuburg.
